AI Levels of Delegation

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Levels of AI Delegation in Decision-Making

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Human only

• Description: Decisions made solely by humans without any AI assistance.
• Example: High human impact decisions such as personal healthcare choices or allocation of humanitarian aid.

Human with AI red-teaming

• Description: AI is used to simulate adversarial scenarios to usefully challenge human decisions.
• Example: Identifying potential risks or weaknesses in a proposed business strategy as a robustness check.

Humans + AI collaboration

• Description: Humans and AI work together through decision-making processes to optimize complementary capabilities.
• Example: Board members use AI in a multi-step process of exploring options and scenarios for a major strategic decision.

AI input: decision reasoning

• Description: AI provides reasoning, logic, or explanations to support and improve human decisions.
• Example: Analytics-based proposals for corporate ESG initiatives, with full rationale and underlying research for decision-makers.

AI input: decision analytics

• Description: AI provides data analysis or insights that inform human decisions.
• Example: Structured implications of data analytics presented to support decisions on marketing channel allocations.

AI recommendation

• Description: AI proposes its preferred actions based on its analysis, with humans approving or using as input to their decision-making.
• Example: Recommending a retail investment portfolio based on risk tolerance and financial goals, with final human decision.

AI with human-in-the-loop

• Description: AI makes decisions, but humans are involved at one or more points in the process to provide input, refine, or modify decisions.
• Example: Predictive maintenance with humans checking recommendations and providing feedback to improve models.

AI with human approval

• Description: AI operates autonomously but requires human approval before execution.
• Example: Recommendation to change suppliers in a supply chain with supporting reasons.

Conditional autonomy

• Description: AI operates autonomously in normal conditions, routing to humans in the case of anomalies or unexpected situations.
• Example: Responding to customer inquiries, with unclear situations or customer sentiment triggers directed to humans.

AI with exceptions

• Description: AI makes decisions within its defined scope of capability, directing those that fall outside to humans.
• Example: Managing accounts receivable, directing any overdue payments or disputes to humans.

AI with oversight

• Description: AI operates autonomously in decision-making, but humans monitor the process and outcomes for compliance.
• Example: AI for inventory management and automated ordering, with regular human review and adjustment.

Full AI delegation

• Description: AI has complete autonomy in decision-making without human intervention, trusted in all scenarios.
• Example: AI autonomously managing and optimizing traffic flow.